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is obtained from <!--l. 154--><math class="inline"><mi class="mathbf">A</mi></math> by replacing in <!--l. 154--><math class="inline"><mo>-</mo><mi class="mathbf">A</mi></math> each diagonal entry by the degree of its corresponding vertex; i.e., the <!--l. 155--><math class="inline"><mi>i</mi></math>th diagonal entry is identified with the degree of the <!--l. 156--><math class="inline"><mi>i</mi></math>th vertex. It is well known that