Before: x == 3, y == 3 Executed: y++; After: x == 3, y == 4 Before: a == [1,1,1] b == [1,1,1] Executed: b[0]++; After: a == [2,1,1] b == [2,1,1] Before: start == Tue Sep 23 16:04:02 EDT 2008 end == Tue Sep 23 16:04:02 EDT 2008 Executed: end.setTime(0); After: start == Wed Dec 31 19:00:00 EST 1969 end == Wed Dec 31 19:00:00 EST 1969