BALAKRISHNAN CHANDRASEKARAN

Vita

October 1995

Residence: 2053 Iuka Avenue

Columbus, Ohio 4320l

Home: 614-297-0470

Office: 614-292-0923

EDUCATION

July l957 - April l963. B.E. in Electrical Engineering, First Class, Honors.
A. C. College of Engineering and Technology (Madras University), Karaikudi, S. India.

Sept. l963 - May l967. Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering
Moore School of Electrical Engineering , University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.
Dissertation title: Contributions to the Theory of Learning Automata .

EMPLOYMENT

July 1995- Present. Professor Emeritus, and Senior Research Scientist, Department of Computer and Information Science, The Ohio State University. Director, Laboratory for Artificial Intelligence Research

Sept. 1977 - June 1995. Professor, Department of Computer and Information Science, The Ohio State University.

1990-91. Visiting Scholar, Stanford University

Winter 1983. Visiting Scientist, MIT Laboratory for Computer Science.

Fall 1981. Consultant, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory.

Summer 1981. Visiting Scientist, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory.

July 1971 - Sept. 1977. Associate Professor, Department of Computer and Information Science, The Ohio State University.

Nov. 1969 -June 1971. Assistant Professor, Department of Computer and Information Science, The Ohio State University.

June l967 - Nov. 1969. Research Specialist, Advanced Engineering and Research Laboratory, Communications and Electronics Division, Philco-Ford Corporation, Blue Bell, Pennsylvania. Mainly worked on Government research contracts on Pattern Recognition methods and techniques. Also contributed to various research proposals on Pattern Recognition and Operations Research.

Summers, 1964, 1965. Development Engineer at Smith Kline Instruments (Subsidiary of Smith, Kline and French), Philadelphia, PA, in the area of biomedical instrumentation. Developed method for very low ultrasonic power measurement.

AWARDS & HONORS

Government of India National Merit Scholarship for l957-l963.
Moore Fellowship by the Moore School of Electrical Engineering, University of Pennsylvania l964-l967.
Outstanding Paper Citation, Pattern Recognition Society, l976.
Nominated (as joint author of a paper) for Tioga Prize for best paper, American Association for Artificial Intelligence Annual Conference, 1982.
Morton Distinguished Visitor, Ohio University, Spring 1982.
Senior Research Award, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, 1983; 1988.
Fellow, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 1986.
Fellow, American Association for Artificial Intelligence, 1991.
Fellow, Association for Computing Machinery, 1995.
The Ohio State University Distinguished Scholar Award for 1988.


SELECTED PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITIES : (Editorial activities listed separately)

Member, Administrative Committee, l972-l975, Vice-President, l974-l975, IEEE SM&C Society.

Co-Chairman, Symposium on Potentials and Limitations of Mechanical Intelligence, Anaheim, Calif., l97l.

Chairman, Norbert Wiener Symposium, Boston, l974; Editor, Proceedings of Symposium, IEEE Trans. SM&C, l975.

Chairman, Technical Committee on Artificial Intelligence, IEEE SM&C Society, l978-1985

Scientific Director, Summer School on Computer Program Testing, SOGESTA, Urbino, Italy, June-July, 1981.

Director, National Institutes of Health Artificial Intelligence in Medicine Workshop, Ohio State University, June 30 - July 3, 1984.

Workshop Chair, AAAI Workshop on High Level Tools for AI, October 1986.

General Chairman, Workshop on Theoretical Issues in Conceptual Information Processing, Maryland, June 1987.

(With T. C. Bylander) Tutorial on "Task-Specific Problem Solving Architectures," Seventh National Conference on Artificial Intelligence, St.Paul, MN, August, 1988.

Member of the Biomedical Library Review Committee of the National Library of Medicine, 1991-1994.

INVITED LECTURES & PRESENTATIONS

"Learning Automata," Carnegie Institute of Technology, May l967.

"Statistical Pattern Recognition," University of California, Irvine, Information Sciences Colloquium, December l6, l968.

l968 IEEE Pattern Recognition Workshop, Delft, Netherlands, August l3-l6, l968.

"Finite Memory Decision Theory," University of California, San Diego, Information Sciences Seminar, January l970.

Panelist presentation, Conference on Feature Extraction in Pattern Recognition, Chicago, December l970.

"Robust Models in Pattern Recognition," Symposium on Feature Extraction and Selection in Pattern Recognition, Argonne National Laboratories, October 5, l970.

"Finite Memory Hypothesis Testing," University of Texas, Austin, Discrete Adaptive Symposium, December 7-9, l970.

"Computational Complexity in Finite Memory Rules," panelist, International Conference in Frontiers of Pattern Recognition, Hawaii, January, l97l.

"Pattern Recognition - Some Open Problems," Moore School of Electrical Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, April 26, l97l.

"Artificial Intelligence - Potentials and Limitations," IEEE SM&C Conference, Anaheim, October, l97l.

"Pattern Recognition - From Theory to Practice," panelist, International Joint Conference on Pattern Recognition, Washington, DC, October l973.

"Dimensionality on Sample Size - A Retrospective Look," Computer Science Department, Michigan State University, l976.

"Computer Graphics and Artificial Intelligence," Workshop on Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence, Cape Cod, June l-3, l976.

"An Approach to Medical Diagnosis Based on Conceptual Structures," Department of Computer Science, State University of New York, Buffalo, October 26, l978; IEEE SM&C International Conference on Cybernetics and Society, Tokyo, Japan, November, l978; Department of Computing Science, Simon Fraser University, December 7, l978.

"Artificial Intelligence and Its Implications for Theory of Knowledge," Department of Philosophy Colloquium, The Ohio State University, May l2, l978.

"Artificial Intelligence and Cognitive Psychology," Department of Psychology Colloquium, The Ohio State University, April l3, l979.

"New Currents in Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence," Battelle Memorial Institute, May 5, 1980.

"Medical Decision Making and Database Systems," Institute of Medical Genetics, Copenhagen, June, 1980; and University of Sarajevo, June 10, 1980.

"From Percept to Concept and Back Again," AAAS Symposium on "Mechanical Intelligence: Accomplishments and Prospects," January 4, 1981.

"MDX: A Medical Diagnosis System," Artificial Intelligence in Medicine Workshop, a 2-hr intensive presentation, Stanford University, August, 1980; University of Toronto, Department of Computer Science, January 5, 1981.

"Knowledge-Directed Data Bases," University de Nova Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal, June 23, 1981.

"MDX and Related Medical Decision-Making Systems," at the following institutions during Summer, 1981: Xerox Palo Alto Research Center, Aug. 11; Heuristic Programming Project, Stanford University, Aug. 17; SRI International, AI Center, Aug. 18; Information Sciences Division, Rand Corporation, Sept. 3, Information Sciences Institute, USC, Sept. 4.

"Artificial Intelligence and Medical Decision-Making," keynote address, Computers in Medicine Conference, Houston, Texas, Sept. 21, 1981.

"Knowledge-Directed Data Bases," Foundations of Software Technology Conference, Bangalore, India, December 1981.

"Artificial Intelligence: Applications & Social Impact," Morton Distinguished Lecturer, Ohio University, Athens, OH, April 7, 1982.

"Towards the Design of 'Intelligent' Databases," Distinguished Lecture Series, Louisiana State University, April 13, 1982.

"Knowledge Decomposition: The MDX Approach," Canadian Annual Conference on Artificial Intelligence, May 18, 1982.

"Expert Systems for CAD/CAM," Executive Briefing for Advanced Technical Planning Committee, Computer-Aided Manufacturing International, Inc., Dallas, Texas, August 1982.

"A Taxonomy of Problem Solving Types," The Graduate School of Management, University of Rochester, November 8, 1982; MIT Laboratory, March 1, 1983; GTE Research Labs Seminar, March 29, 1983; Bolt, Beranek & Newman -- AI Seminar, April 5, 1983; Yale AI Seminar, April 12, 1983; Rutgers University, Computer Science Colloquium, May 10, 1983; Carnegie Mellon University, Computer Science Seminar Series, May 24, 1983; University of Southern California, Information Sciences Institute, July 20, 1983; Rice University, Computer Science Colloquium, October 1, 1984.

"Safety Function Maintenance by Expert Systems," IEEE Workshop on Artificial Intelligence & Fault Diagnosis, Puerto Rico, Jan. 11-14, 1983.

"Expert Systems: Matching Techniques to Tasks," The New York University Symposium on Artificial Intelligence in Business, May 18-20, 1983; The Battelle Technical Trends Forecasting Symposium, Seattle Research Center, November 6-9, 1983; The GTE Laboratories Symposium on Application of Knowledge-based Systems to Software Development, Norwalk, CT, November 14-16, 1983; Shell Bel Aire Research Center, Distinguished Lecture Series, Houston, February 14, 1984.

"Models of Distributed Problem Solving for Knowledge Base Systems," Workshop on Distributed Problem Solving, Holyoke Conference Center, S. Hadley, MA, June 8, 1983.

"Overview of Expert Systems for Industrial Applications," Combustion Engineering, Inc., Research Laboratories, Hartford, CT, June 22, 1983.

"The Application of Expert Systems to Communication Systems Control," Air Force Academy, Colorado Springs, June 28-19, 1983.

"Functional Representation of Devices and Automatic Compilation of Diagnostic Expert Systems," The Workshop on Causal Reasoning in Medicine, Medcomp 83, Athens, Ohio, Sept. 30-Oct. 1, 1983; The Joint Services Workshop on Artificial Intelligence, Boulder, Col., Oct. 6, 1983; Computer Science colloquia at Georgia Tech., Feb. 15, 1984; University of Maryland, April 9, 1984; University of Delaware, April 10, 1984; Xerox Palo Alto Research Center, May 10, 1984.

"The Architecture of Diagnostic Reasoning," University of Colorado Institute of Cognitive Science, Jan. 18, 1984; Computer Research Laboratory, New Mexico State University, January 20, 1984; Workshop on Theoretical Issues in Conceptual Information Processing, Atlanta, March 28, 1984.

"Dark Ages of AI: How to Survive Them," panel member, American Association for Artificial Intelligence, Annual Conference, University of Texas, Austin, Texas, August 10, 1984.

"An Approach to Problem Solving in Design: The Air Cylinder Example," Workshop on Artificial Intelligence Approaches to Design, Rutgers University, July 9-10, 1984.

"Research Directions in Expert Systems," panel chair and panelist, American Society of Mechanical Engineers Annual Conference, August 14-15, 1984. Also invited talk on "Design Problem Solving."

Strategic Computing Initiative Program briefing on an OSU project on explanation in expert systems, Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, April 17, 1985.

"Artificial Intelligence and Design," Workshop on Computer-Aided Design and Manufacturing, Battelle Memorial Laboratories, April 30, 1985.

"Functional Representation of Devices: A Fragment of the Inner Language of Thought," Symposium on Functionalism, Psychology and Artificial Intelligence, Ohio State University, Department of Philosophy, May 4, 1985.

"Generic Tasks in Expert System Design," Symposium on Distributed Artificial Intelligence, Office of Naval Research/ National Academy of Sciences, May 17, 1985. Also panel chairman and panelist, "Research Directions in Expert Systems."

"Generic Tasks in Expert System Design," Colloquium, Air Force Institute of Technology, May 31, 1985.

"Generic Tasks in Knowledge-Based Problem Solving: The Right Level of Abstraction," Evans Jones Lecture, Naval Personnel Research & Development Center, San Diego, CA, April 3, 1986.

"What Does it Mean to Understand How a Device Works?: Functional Representation of Devices and Generation of Diagnostic Expert Systems," University of California at San Diego, Institute for Cognitive Science, April 4, 1986.

"Explanation of Problem Solving & Generic Task Toolset,"DARPA Expert Systems Workshop, Palo Alto, CA, April 16-17, 1986.

ìBuilding Knowledge-Based Systems,î OCLC, Inc., Seminar Series, Columbus, Ohio, May 29, 1986.

ìKnowledge-Based Systems,î Workshop on Artificial Intelligence, Government of India, sponsor, June 3 - July 4, 1986.

"Generic Tasks in Knowledge-Based Reasoning,"IBM Santa Theresa Labs, Distinguished Speaker Series, San Jose, CA, August 7, 1986.

"Artificial Intelligence: An Intellectual State of the Art Review," IBM Santa Theresa Labs, Distinguished Speaker Series, August 7, 1986.

"What Kind of Information Processing is Intelligence? A Historical and Contemporary Perspective and a Proposal," keynote address, Workshop on Theoretical Issues in Conceptual Information Processing, Philadelphia, PA, August 14, 1986.

"Beyond Rule-Based Systems: Expert Systems at Higher Levels of Abstraction," Fifth Toyobo Biotechnology Foundation Symposium on Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Tokyo, Japan, August 22-23, 1986.

"Structure of Medical Knowledge and Deep Reasoning," Fifth Toyobo Biotechnology Foundation Symposium on Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Tokyo, Japan, August 22-23, 1986.

"Functional Representations as Deep Models for Devices," Institute for New Generation Computer Technology (ICOT), Tokyo, Japan, August 25, 1986.

"Design Problem Solving: An Information Processing Analysis and an Approach," Mitsubishi Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan, August 26, 1986.

"Qualitative Reasoning," Mitsubishi Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan, August 26, 1986.

"A High Level Toolset for the Construction of Knowledge-Based Systems," Digital Equipment Corporation Research Laboratory, Distinguished Lecture Series, Hudson, MA, September 30, 1986.

"Generic Tasks in Knowledge-Based Reasoning," at the Computer Science Colloquium Series of the University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, September 29, 1986; Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Laboratory for Computer Science, October 1, 1986.

ìHigh Level Tools in AI,î AAAI High Level Tools Workshop, workshop chairman and session chair, Shawnee, Ohio, October 6-8, 1986.

"Generic Tasks in Knowledge-Based Reasoning and Mentalese," keynote address, International Symposium on Methodologies for Intelligent Systems, Knoxville, TN, October 22, 1986.

"The Future of Knowledge Acquisition," plenary address at the Second IEEE/Mitre Expert Systems in Government Conference, Washington, DC, October 23, 1986.

"Generic Tasks in Knowledge-Based Reasoning," Navy AI Center at Naval Research Labs, Washington, DC, invited talk, November 3, 1986.

"Generic Tasks in Knowledge-Based Reasoning: The Right Level of Abstraction," Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Penssylvania, Computer Science Department Artificial Intelligence Series, February 3-4, 1987.

"Understanding How Devices Work: Functional Representations of Devices," Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Penssylvania, Computer Science Department Artificial Intelligence Series, February 3-4, 1987.

"High Level Building Blocks for Knowledge-Based Systems," University of Colorado, Center for Applied Artificial Intelligence, Distinguished Lecture Series, February 16, 1987.

"What Kind of Information Processing is Intelligence?" University of Colorado Institute of Cognitive Science, February 16, 1987.

"Artificial Intelligence," Ohio State University, Senior Open Court, February 19, 1987.

"The Role of Hierarchical Classification in Diagnosis and Sensor Validation," NASA/Air Force Symposium on Advanced Automation and Robotics for Space Applications, Washington, DC, March 10, 1987.

"Design Problem Solving: An Information Processing Analysis," American Association of Artificial Intelligence Workshop on Artificial Intelligence in Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, March 9, 1987; OSU/Battelle Symposium on Cognitive Processes in Design, March 27, 1987.

"Generic Tasks in Knowledge-Based Reasoning," Northwestern University, Department of Computer Science, Evanston, IL, May 14, 1987.

"The Future of Knowledge Acquisition," keynote luncheon speaker, Electric Power Research Institute Expert Systems Conference, Boston, MA, May 29, 1987.

"How to Protect Your Children from Connectionism," American Association for Artificial Intelligence Workshop on Theoretical Issues in Conceptual Information Processing, Washington, DC, June 4, 1987.

"Diagnostic Reasoning: A Framework," keynote speaker, Rocky Mountain Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Boulder, Colorado, June 18, 1987.

"Roles of Formal and 'Intelligent' Processes in AI Applications," luncheon speaker, American Association for Artificial Intelligence Workshop on Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Seattle, WA, July 12, 1987.

"Diagnostic Reasoning: A Framework," Artificial Intelligence in Engineering Conference, Boston, MA, August 4, 1987.

"Generic Tasks in Knowledge-Based Reasoning: Expert Systems at the 'Right' Level of Abstraction, "Microelectronic Computer Corporation, Austin, Texas, August 5, 1987.

"Architecture of Causal Reasoning," University of Texas, Computer Science Department, Austin, Texas, August 5, 1987.

"Beyond Rules and Frames in Knowledge-Based Systems," Texas Instruments Artificial Intelligence Center, Dallas, Texas, August 6, 1987.

"Towards a Functional Architecture for Intelligence Based on Generic Information Processing Strategies," plenary address, International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Milan, Italy, August 28, 1987.

"Building Expert Systems by Using Generic Task Tools," Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India, September 4, 1987.

"What Kind of Information Processing Is Intelligence?," Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India, September 4, 1987.

"What Kind of Information Processing is Intelligence? A Perspective on AI Paradigms and a Proposal," International Intelligent Systems Symposium, Charlotte, NC, October 16, 1987; Workshop on Knowledge Acquisition, Banff, Canada, October 20, 1987.

"Towards a Functional Architecture for Intelligence" University of Minnesota Microelectronic and Information Sciences Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota, November 18, 1987.

"The Architecture of Diagnostic Reasoning Including Causal and Case-Based Reasoning," keynote address, Eighth International Workshop on Expert Systems and Their Applications, Avignon, France, June 3, 1988.

"Connectionism and Information Processing Abstractions," Symposium on Neural Network Technology at the Air Force Center for Artificial Intelligence Applications, Dayton, Ohio, July 14, 1988.

"A Perspective On Connectionism," Fourth Annual Aerospace Applications of Artificial Intelligence Conference, Dayton, Ohio, October 25, 1988.

"How to Protect Your Children From Connectionism," Bellcore, Piscataway, New Jersey, October 27, 1988.

"Generic Tasks: High Level Building Blocks for Expert System Design," Bellcore, Piscataway, New Jersey, October 27, 1988.

"Integrating Different Kinds of Expertise in Expert Systems," keynote address, South East Asia Regional Computer Conference, New Delhi, India, November 28 - December 1, 1988.

Invited presentations at the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research and National Center for Software Technology, "Computing, Reasoning, Problem Solving, Intuiting: What Kind of Information Processing Is Intelligence?" Bombay, India, December 6, 1988.

"Numbers and Symbols: Integrating Multiple Kinds of Expertise" and "Generic Tasks and Soar," NASA Symposium on Space Telerobics, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California, January 31-February 2, 1989.

"What Kind of Information Processing is Intelligence?," Distinguished Lecture Series, Computer Science Department, University of California, January 20, 1989.

Keynote speaker at the Second International Conference on Industrial and Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence and Expert Systems at the University of Tennessee Space Institute, Tullahoma, TN, June 8, 1989, "Representation of device Understanding for Diagnosis and Design."

Invited speaker at German Workshop on Artificial Intelligence, September 19, 1989, Bielfeld, W. Germany, "Task Specific Architectures".

Invited presentation at the McDonnell-Douglas Artificial Intelligence Symposium, "Task-Specific Architectures for Building Knowledge Systems," St. Louis, MO, September 27, 1989.

Invited presentations (2) at the First Swiss Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Cognitive Science, October 3 and 4, 1989, "Metaphors for Intelligence as a Process" and "Task-Specific Architectures: Issues for the 90's."

Invited presentation at the International Symposium on Methodologies for Intelligent Systems-89, Charlotte, NC, October 14, 1989, "Metaphors for Intelligence as a Process."

Visited centers of research in artificial intelligence in Indian (National Center for Software Technology, Bombay; Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore; and Indian Statistical Institute, Calcutta) as a consultant invited by the United Nations Development Project, during December 8-18, 1989. He gave talks on advances in knowledge-based systems at each of the institutions.

"The Task Structure: Decomposition and Integration of Tasks in Building Knowledge Based Systems," 1989-90 Louisiana Distinguished Lecture Series, University of Southwestern Louisiana, January 26, 1990.

Invited speaker at the Association for Computing Machinery Computer Science Conference on February 22, 1990 at Washington, DC. "Computing, Calculating, Reasoning, Problem Solving, Intuiting: Metaphors for Intelligence as a Process."

"Metaphors for Intelligence as Process," Distinguished Lecture Series, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, April 26, 1990.

"Task-Specific Architectures and Deep Models in Expert Systems," Second Generation Expert Systems Conference, Avignon, France, June 1, 1990.

"Task Structures in Knowledge Systems," Artificial Intelligence Lecture Series, France, June 5, 1990.

"Computing, Reasoning, Problems Solving and Intuiting: Metaphors for Intellignece," University of Paris at Orsay, June 6, 1990.

Invited talk at the 12th International CODATA Conference, Columbus, Ohio, on "Constructing Explanations of Data: Data Analysis and Artificial Intelligence," July 19, 1990.

"Real-Time Problem Solving for Disturbance Control," (with R. Bhatnagar), American Association for Artificial Intelligence Workshop on Real-Time Systems, Boston, Massachusetts, July 29, 1990.

"Explanations and Expert Systems," American Association for Artificial Intelligence Workshop on Explanation, Boston, Massachusetts, July 30, 1990.

Participated in workshops on "Real-Time Systems in Artificial Intelligence," and "Qualitative Vision," held as part of the American Association for Artificial Intelligence 1990 Conference, July 1990.

"Computing, Reasoning, Problem Solving and Intuiting: Metaphors for Intelligence as a Process," Medical Information Science Seminar series at Stanford University, October 11, 1990.

Invited talks (2) at the Japanese Knowledge Acquisition Workshop, Kyoto and Tokyo, "Real-Time Disturbance Control: A Task Analysis and Guide for Knowledge Acquisition," and "Tasks, Methods and Knowledge," October 25-31, 1990. He also gave a talk on the later topic at the Institute for New Generation Computer Technology (ICOT) in Tokyo.

Keynote speaker at the IEEE Tools for Artificial Intelligence Conference, Washington, D.C., "Tasks, Methods and Knowledge," November 8, 1990, and Stanford University, Knowledge Systems Lav, SIGLUNCH seminar, Nov. 30, 1990.

"Towards a Theory of Commonsense Visual Reasoning," 10th Foundations of Software Technology and Theorecical Computer Science Conference, Bangaloe, India, December 18, 1990, and Stanford University, Department of Computer Science Colloquium, Nov. 26, 1990.

Invited talk as part of the Ameritech Distinguished Lecture Series, at Michigan State University, "Computing, Reasoning, Problem Solving, Intuiting: Metaphors for Intelligence as a Process,"

January 31, 1991.

"Computing, Reasoning, Problem Solving and Intuiting: Metaphors for Intelligence," SIGLUNCH, Stanford University, March 1, 1991.

"Commonsense Simulation of the Physical World," keynote address, The Second Conference on Artical Intelligence, Simulation and Planning in High Autonomy Systems, Cocoa Beach, Florida, April 1, 1991.

Distinguished Lecture Series, Louisiana State University, "Computing, Reasoning, Problem Solving and Intuiting: Metaphors for Intelligence as a Process," April 24, 1991.

Computer Science Colloquium, Georgia Tech, "Computing, Reasoning, Problem Solving and Intuiting: Metaphors for Intelligence as a Process," April 25, 1991.

Invited talk at Decision Making, Cognitive Science and Accounting, a multidisciplinary conference, at the School of Urban and Public Affairs, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, "Extracting Causal Explanations From Observations: Roles of AI and Statistics," July 20, 1991.

"Tasks, Methods and Knowledge: Task Structures and Knowledge-Based Systems" "Reasoning About the Physical World,", invited talks at AI Center, Free University of Belgium, Brussels, October 14, 1991; INRIA, Sophis Antipolis, France, October 16, 1991; University of Paris Sud, Paris, France, October 17, 1991.

"Two Decades of Knowledge-Based Systems: An Overview," and "Causal Knowledge Organization," US AFOSR and Rome Laboratories Workshop on Intelligent Information Systems, Rome, New York, October 22-23, 1991.

"Generic Tasks: New Directions," keynote address, Fourth International Symposium on Expert Systems in Accounting Finance and Management, Pasadena, California, October 31, 1991.

"Towards a Theory of Commonsense Visual Reasoning," Computer Science seminar, Queens University, Kingston, Ontario, December 4, 1991; Computer Science Seminar, University of Toronto, December 5, 1991.

"Task-Specific Architectures: Progress and Issues," keynote talk, IEEE Computer Society Conference on Artificial Intelligence Applications, Monterey, California, March 5, 1992.

"Explanation in Knowledge-Systems,"invited talk, Samos Workshop on Task-Based Explanation, Samos, Greece, June-July, 1992.

"Generic Tasks: Evolution of an Idea," keynote talk, ARPA/Stanford Workshop on Knowledge Modeling, Stanford University, July 1992.

"Task-Specific Architectures,"invited talk, RADC Symposium on Advances in AI, September 9, 1992.

"Real-time Disturbance Analysis Systems," invited talk, NSF Workshop on Realtime AI Systems, University of Maryland, February 18, 1993.

"Computing, Reasoning, Problem Solving, Intuiting: Metaphors for Intelligence as a Process,"AI Colloquium Series, University of Michigan, March 16, 1993.

"Tasks, Methods and Knowledge: New Directions in Generic Tasks," University of Illinois, Urbana, May 20-21, 1993, AI and CS Colloquium Series.

"Form and Content Issues in an Abductive Framework for Recognition," Keynote talk, Image Processing Theory and Applications Conference, San Remo, Italy, June 16, 1993.

"Design Problem Solving: A Task Structure," University of Turin, Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Turin, Italy, June 17, 1993.

Keynote talk, American Association of AI, 1993 Workshop on Reasoning About Function, Washington, DC, July 11, 1993.

"Functions and Causal Processes," Cognitive Science Colloquium Series, McGill University, Montreal, Canada, October 13, 1993.

"Are Representations in the Eye of the Beholder?" Invited faculty presentation, OSU Cogfest 93, November 20, 1993.

"Representation, Cognitive Architectures and Knowledge and Symbol Levels" Keynote talk, International Symposium on Integrating Knowledge and Neural Heuristics, Pensacola Beach, FL, May 9, 94.

"Telling causal stories: Functional representations and their uses," AI seminar, Institute for the Learning Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, June 3, 1993.

RESEARCH GRANTS

Principal Investigator, Air Force Office of Scientific Research Grant 72-235l for research on Pattern Recognition, 1972-1977, $165,706.

Principal Investigator, National Science Foundation, Grant No. GJ-34738X, for research on Program Synthesis, 1974-75, $51,400.

Principal Investigator, Air Force Office of Scientific Research Grant for research on program correctness, July l, l977 -Sept. 30, 1982, $287,052.

Principal Investigator, National Science Foundation, "Knowledge Organization and Problem Solving for Diagnostic Tasks," May 1, 1981, - June 30, 1983, $122,793; Additional grant, July 1, 1983 - June 30, 1985, $158,592.

Principal Investigator, Air Force Office of Scientific Research, "Distributed Knowledge-Base Systems for Diagnosis and Information Retrieval," June 30, 1982 - Oct.31, 1988, $581,578.

Principal Investigator, Battelle Memorial Laboratories, Research on Knowledge Acquisition for Expert Systems, July 1, 1982 - June 30, 1984, $60,000.

Principal Investigator, Wright Patterson Air Force Base, Air Force Institute on Business Management, Research Contract on "Feasibility study for an Expert System for Price Analysis," Oct. 1, 1982 - Nov. 30, 1983, $141,200.

Principal Investigator, Combustion Engineering, Inc., "Feasibility Study for Expert Systems for Industrial Applications," May-July, 1983, $9,800.

Co-Principal Investigator, National Science Foundation, Division of Chemical and Process Engineering, "Application of the Knowledge-Based System Approach to Operational Problems of Engineering Systems," July 15, 1984 - June 30, 1986, $150,000.

Principal Investigator, Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, Information Processing Technology Division, "Explanation in Problem-Solving and Planning Systems," January 16, 1985 - January 15, 1989, $1,087,561; "Design & Diagnostic Problem Solving with Multifunctional Technical Knowledge Bases, $569,901, 2 years, September 19, 1989-September 18, 1991.

Co-Principal Investigator, National Institutes of Health/National Library of Medicine, "Computer-Based Pathology Consultation Submodule," March 1, 1985 - February 28, 1988, $217,162.

Co-Principal Investigator, Department of Energy, "Application of Artificial Intelligence to the Operation of Nuclear Power Plants," September 22, 1986 - September 21, 1987, $198,000.

Principal Investigator, Hitachi Ltd., "Industrial Affiliates Program," September 24, 1986 - September 24, 1987, $15,000.

Co-Principal Investigator, Air Force Office of Scientific Research, "Butterfly Computer for AI & Robotics Research," November 1, 1986 - October 31, 1987, $187,294.

Principal Investigator, Battelle Memorial Laboratories, "AI in Manufacturing," January 1, 1986 - June 30, 1986, $29,649.

Co-Principal Investigator, Xerox University Grants Program (Equipment), September 1, 1985 - May 31, 1988, $650,000.

Principal Investigator, Air Force Office of Scientific Research, "Distributed Problem Solving," November 1, 1986 - October 31, 1987, $200,000.

Co-Principal Investigator, Department of Energy, "Interaction of Diagnosis and Corrective Action

Systems for a Nuclear Plant," September 22, 1986 - September 21, 1987, $223,361.

Co-Principal Investigator, Xerox University Grants Program, "Support for Generic Tasks Tool Set," September 1, 1985 - August 31, 1987, $630,000.

Principal Investigator, AFSOR, "Parallel, Real-Time Expert Systems," November 1, 1986 - April 30, 1988, $138,300.

Principal Investigator, AFSOR, "Distributed Knowledge Base Systems for Diagnosis and Information Retrieval," November 1, 1986 - October 31, 1987, $ 99,914; extended October 15, 1987 - October 14, 1988, $62,597; November 1, 1986 - October 31, 1988, $199,581.

Recipient, Texas Instruments, Equipment grant for TI-LX Explorer, 1986-1987, $86,000.

Co-Principal Investigator, Air Force Office of Scientific Research/The Ohio State University, Equipment Grant for the DOD-University Research Instrumentation Program, 1986-1987, $138,300/$30,000.

Co-Principal Investigator, Digital Equipment Company, "Research & Development on the Generic Task Toolset for Building Knowledge Based Systems," July 1, 1987 - March 1, 1990, $60,000.

Co-Principal Investigator, National Science Foundation, "An Integrated Task Approach to Expert Systems for Fault Diagnosis," August 1, 1987 - January 31, 1989, $55,000.

Co-Principal Investigator, Ohio State University Research Grant, "Applied Artificial Intelligence in Engineering," July 1, 1987 - December 31, 1988, $100,000.

Co-Principal Investigator, National Science Foundation, "Application of the Knowledge-Based System Approach to Operational Problems of Engineering Systems," September 15, 1987 - February 28, 1990, $146,428.

Co-Principal Investigator, National Institute of Health, "An Investigation of Problem-Solving and Man-Machine Systems for Decision Support and Education in Immunohematology," July 1, 1987 - June 30, 1992, $1,609,725.

Principal Investigator, Boeing Computer Services, "RAMCAD Software Development," November 1, 1987 - August 31, 1990, $65,654.

Principal Investigator, CIS Academic Challenge Grant, The Ohio State University, September 1, 1987 - June 30, 1993, approximately $620,000.

Principal Investigator, McDonnell Douglas, "Functional Reasoning," September 1, 1988 - September 30, 1992, $95,000.

Principal Investigator, AF OFC SCI RES, "Generic Tasks for Knowledge Based Problem Solving: Extensions and New Directions," December 19, 1989 - December 18, 1990, $236,556.

Co-Principal Investigator, Miami Valley Research Institute, "OSU Participation in the Artificial Intelligence Center at Wright Patterson Air Force Base," (RF-721723), December 1, 1987 - February 1, 1988, $3,762.00; (RF-721724), February 2, 1988 - May 1, 1988, $1,075.00; (RF-721721), November 1, 1987 - December 31, 1987, $1,470.00; (RF-721722), November 1, 1987 - December 31, 1987, $762.00; (RF-721719), November 1, 1987 - December 31, 1987, $492.00; (RF767213), April 1989, $9,527, July 1, 1989-June 30, 1990, $7,561.

Principal Investigator, DARPA/Rome Air Development Center, "Explanation in Problem-Solving and Planning Systems," January 16, 1985 - January 15, 1989, $1,087,561.

Principal Investigator, BP America, "Computer Science Fellowship of AI," September, 1, 1988 - August 31, 1994, $60,000.

Co-Principal Investigator, IBM, "Reimplementation of Knowledge Systems Tools for IBM RT," January 1, 1988 - September 30, 1989, $100,000.

Co-Principal Investigator, National Science Foundation, "Speech Recognition Using Layered Abduction and Multiple Knowledge Types," August 15, 1989-August 31, 1990, $50,000.

Principal Investigator, DARPA/AFOSR, "Design and Diagnosis Problem Solving with Multifunctional Technical Knowledge Bases," January 1, 1989-December 30, 1992, $1,191,308.

Distinguished Scholar Award, The Ohio State University, April 1, 1988 - March 31, 1991, $20,000.

Co-Principal Investigator, National Research Foundation, "A Model for Anomaly Resolution in Scientific Change," July15, 1990 - August 31, 1991, $107,585.

Co-Principal Investigator, ARPA and Rome Laboratories, "Functional Representation of Software Systems and Component-based Software Technology," October 1993 - September 1996, $686,303.

UNIVERSITY AND DEPARTMENTAL ACTIVITIES

I have been chair or member of most major policy and action committees in the Department at one time or another: Computer, Faculty Search, Chair Search, Faculty Loads, Departmental Steering, etc. Currently chair of Faculty Search.

Some of the other College or University committees that I have served in are:

Ph.D. DISSERTATIONS SUPERVISED

David Gelperin, Clause Deletion in Resolution Theorem Proving, l973.

Anil Kumar Jain, Some Aspects of Dimensionality and Sample Size Problems in Statistical Pattern Recognition, l973.

Mark Gillenson, The Interactive Generation of Facial Images on a CRT using a Heuristic Strategy, l974.

Richard Parent, A System for Generating 3-D Data for Computer Graphics, l977.

K.B. Lakshmanan, Decision Making with Finite Memory Devices, l977.

H. Jappinen, A Perception-Based Developmental Skill Acquisition System, l979.

S. Mittal, Design of a Distributed Medical Diagnosis and Database System, 1980.

B. E. Flinchbaugh, A Computational Theory of Spatio-Temporal Aggregation for Visual Analysis of Objects in Dynamic Environments, 1980.

F. Gomez, On General and Expert Knowledge-Based Methods in Problem-Solving, 1981.

David C. Brown, Expert Systems for Design Problem Solving Using Design Refinement with Plan Selection and Redesign, 1984.

David L. Zeltzer, Representation and Control of Three-Dimensional Computer-Animated Figures, 1984.

Thomas Bylander, Consolidation: A Method for Reasoning about the Behavior of Devices, 1986.

Jack Smith, RED: A Classificatory and Abductive Expert System, 1987.

Jon Sticklen, MDX2: An IIntegrated Medical Diagnostic System, 1987.

W. Punch, A Diagnostic System Using a Task-Integrated Problem Solver Architecture, 1989.

M. Tanner, Explaining Knowledge Systems: Justifying Diagnostic Conclusions, 1989.

A. Keuneke, Machine Understanding of Devices: Causal Explanation of Diagnostic Conclusions, 1989.

A. Goel, Integrating Case-Based Reasoning and Model-Based Reasoning for Adaptive Design Problem Solving, 1989.

D. Allemang, Understanding Programs as Devices, 1990.

T. Johnson, Generic Tasks in the Problem Space Paradigm: Building Flexible Knowledge Systems While Using Task-Level Constraints, 1991.

D. Herman, An Extensible, Task-Specific Shell for Routine Design Problem Solving, 1992.

R. Fox, Layered Abduction for Speech Recognition from Articulation, 1992 (co-advisor).

N. Narayanan, Imagery, Diagrams and Reasoning, 1992.

S. Toth, Using Functional Representation for Smart Simulation of Devices, 1993.

Sunil Thadani, Constructing Functional Models of a Device from Its Structural Description, 1994.

PUBLICATIONS

[Papers * in the following list were selected to appear in Machine Recognition of Patterns (A. K. Agrawala, editor, IEEE Press, l977), a collection of 44 basic papers in pattern recognition. Paper ** was selected as an "outstanding" paper in the l976 Pattern Recognition Society Award. Other selections of papers for anthologies are indicated with the original citations of papers.

B. Chandrasekaran and D. W. C. Shen, "Adaptation of Stochastic Automata in Nonstationary Environments," 6th Symposium on Discrete Adaptive Processes, October l967. Appears in the Proceedings of NEC, l967.

B. Chandrasekaran and D. W. C. Shen, "On Expediency and Convergence in Variable Structure Automata," IEEE Transactions Syst. Sci. & Cyb., Vol. SSC-4, no. 2, March l968, pp. 52-60.

L. N. Kanal and B. Chandrasekaran, "On Dimensionality and Sample Size in Pattern Recognition," Pattern Recognition, Vol. 3, pp. 225-234, l97l.

B. Chandrasekaran and D. W. C. Shen, "Stochastic Automata Games," IEEE Transactions Syst. Sci. & Cyb., Vol. SSC-5, no. 2, April, l969, pp. l45-l49.

* L. N. Kanal and B. Chandrasekaran, "Recognition, Machine 'Recognition', and Statistical Approaches," Methodologies of Pattern Recognition (ed. Watanabe), Academic Press, l969, pp. 3l7-332.

* B. Chandrasekaran and T. J. Harley, Jr., "Comments on the Mean Accuracy of Statistical Pattern Recognizers," IEEE Transactions of Inf. Theory, Vol. IT-15, May 1969, pp. 421-423.

B. Chandrasekaran, "Interval Average Sampling," IEEE Trans. Comm. Tech., Vol. COM-17, No. 2, April 1969, pp. 331-332.

B. Chandrasekaran, L. N. Kanal and G. Nagy, "Pattern Recognition: Summary of the Proceedings of a Workshop," published by IEEE, Catalog No. 68C65C.

B. Chandrasekaran, "Finite Memory Hypothesis Testing: A Critique," IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, Vol. IT-16, No. 4, July 1970, pp. 494-496.

B. Chandrasekaran and T. J. Harley, Jr., "Finite Memory Hypothesis Testing: Achieving Performance Bound Without Randomization," Proc. 1970 IEEE Symposium on Adaptive Processes, Austin, Texas.

T. J. Harley, Jr., K. G. Salter, and B. Chandrasekaran, "Variable Length Vector Pattern Recognition," IEEE Transactions Systems, Man and Cybernetics, Vol. SMC-1, No. 4, October 1971, pp. 391-394.

* B. Chandrasekaran, "Independence of Measurements and the Mean Recognition Accuracy," IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, 1971, Vol. 17, No. 4, pp. 452-456.

L. N. Kanal and B. Chandrasekaran, "On Linguistic, Statistical, and Mixed Models for Pattern Recognition," in Frontiers of Pattern Recognition, S. Watanabe (ed.), Academic Press, 1972, pp. 163-192.

B. Chandrasekaran and A. K. Jain, "Quantization Complexity and Independent Measurements," IEEE Trans. Computers, Vol. 23, No. 1, January 1974, pp. 102-106.

B. Chandrasekaran and A. K. Jain, "Distance Functions for Independent Measurement and Finite Sample Size," Proc. II International Joint Conference on Pattern Recognition, Lyngby, Denmark, August 1974.

B. Chandrasekaran and A. K. Jain, "Independence, Measurement Complexity, and Classification Performance," IEEE Trans. Systems, Man and Cybernetics, March 1975, Vol. SMC-5, No. 2, pp. 240-244.

* B. Chandrasekaran and C. C. Lam, "A Finite Memory Deterministic Algorithm for the Symetric Hypothesis Testing Problem," IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, Vol. 21, No. 1, January 1975, pp. 40-44.

B. Chandrasekaran, "Artificial Intelligence: The Past Decade," Advances in Computers, Vol. 13, Yovits and Rubinoff, Eds., Academic Press, 1975, pp. 169-232.

M. L. Gillenson and B. Chandrasekaran, "A Heuristic Strategy for Developing Human Facial Images on a CRT," Pattern Recognition, Vol. 7, 1975, pp. 187-196.

M. L. Gillenson and B. Chandrasekaran, "The Computerized Police Artist," Proc. Carnahan Conference on Crime Countermeasures, pp. 78-82, 1975.

** M. L. Gillenson and B. Chandrasekaran, "WHATSISFACE: Human Facial Composition by Computer Graphics," Proc. ACM SIGGRAPH Conf., 1975.

M. L. Gillenson, B. Chandrasekaran, C. Csuri, and R. Schwartz, Computer-Assisted Facial Sketching," Leonardo, an international journal of contemporary art, Vol. 9, pp. 126-129, 1976.

B. Chandrasekaran and R. E. Parent, "Molding Computer Clay -Steps Towards a Computer Graphics Sculptors' Studio," Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence, C. H. Chen, Ed., Academic Press, 1977, p. 86-107.

D. C. Brown, S. C. Kwasny, H. W. Buttelmann, B. Chandrasekaran, and N. K. Sondheimer, "NLG - Natural Language Graphics," Proc. of 5th International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, IJCAI-77, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, August 1977.

B. Chandrasekaran and K. B. Lakshmanan, "Multiple Hypothesis Testing with Finite Memory," invited paper, Cybernetics and Information Science, Vol. 1, No. 2-4, pp. 71-81, 1977.

† B. Chandrasekaran and L. H. Reeker, "Artificial Intelligence -- A Case for Agnosticism," IEEE Trans. Systems, Man and Cybernetics, January 1974, Vol. SMC-4, pp. 88-94. Russian Translation, "Artificial Intelligence -- A Critical Analysis," appears in Znanie, Mathematical Cybernetics Series, No. 10, October 1978, pp. 14-36, Moscow.

B. Chandrasekaran and M. C. Yovits, "Artificial Intelligence," Encyclopedia of Computer and Information Science, Marcel Dekker, Vol. 2, p. 225-245. Also appears in Operations Support Methodology, Holzman (ed.), Marcel Dekker, l978, pp. 631-650.

K. B. Lakshmanan and B. Chandrasekaran, "On Finite Memory Solutions to the Two-Armed Bandit Problem," IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, Vol. IT-24, No. 2, pp. 244-248, March 1978.

B. Chandrasekaran and K. B. Lakshmanan, "Finite Memory Multiple Hypothesis Testing: Close-to-Optimal Schemes for Bernoulli Problems," IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, Vol. 24, No. 6, November, 1978, pp. 755-759.

K. B. Lakshmanan and B. Chandrasekaran, "Compound Hypothesis Testing with Finite Memory," Information and Control, Vol. 40, No. 2, February, 1979, pp. 223-233.

D. C. Brown, S. C. Kwasny, B. Chandrasekaran and N. K. Sondheimer, "An Experimental Graphics System with Natural Language Input," Computer and Graphics, Vol. 4, 1979, pp. 13-22.

L. J. White, E. I Cohen, and B. Chandrasekaran, "Discussion of 'A Survey of Program Testing Issues' by John B. Goodenough," Recent Directions in Software Technology, MIT Press, 1979, pp.

B. E. Flinchbaugh and B. Chandrasekaran, "A Theory of Spatio-Temporal Aggregation for Vision," Artificial Intelligence, Vol. 17, 1981, pp. 387-407.

B. Chandrasekaran, "Test Tools," Computer, March 1979, pp. 102-103.

B. Chandrasekaran, F. Gomez, S. Mittal and J. Smith, "An Approach to Medical Diagnosis Based on Conceptual Structures," Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Tokyo, August 1979, pp. 134-142.

S. Mittal, B. Chandrasekaran and J. Smith, "An Overview of MDX -- A Medical Diagnosis System," Proc. III Annual Symposium on Computer Applications in Medical Care, October 14-17, 1979, Washington, D.C., pp. 34-46.

B. Chandrasekaran, "Special Collection on Program Testing: Guest Editorial," IEEE Trans. Software Engineering, Vol. SE-6, No. 3, May 1980, pp. 233-235.

†† F. Gomez and B. Chandrasekaran, "Knowledge Organization and Distribution for Medical Diagnosis," IEEE Trans. Systems, Man and Cybernetics, Vol. SMC-11, no.1, January 1981, pp. 34-42. Also appears in the anthology, Readings in Medical Artificial Intelligence, W. J. Clancey and E. H. Shortliffe, editors, Addison Wesley Publishing Co.

B. Chandrasekaran and A. K. Jain, "On Balancing Decision Functions," Journal of Cybernetics and Information Science, Vol. 2, No. 1, Spring 1980, pp. 12-15.

A. K. Jain and B. Chandrasekaran, "Dimensionality and Sample Size Considerations in Pattern Recognition Practice," invited paper, Handbook of Statistics, Vol. II, (Kanal and Krishnaiah, eds.), North Holland, 1982, pp. 835-855.

S. Mittal and B. Chandrasekaran, "Conceptual Representation of Medical Data Bases," J. Medical Systems, Vol. 4, no. 2, 1980, pp. 169-185.

B. Chandrasekaran, S. Mittal and J. Smith, M.D., "RADEX -- Towards a Computer-based Radiology Consultant," Pattern Recognition in Practice, Kanal & Gelsema, Ed., North Holland, 1980, pp. 463-474.

B. Chandrasekaran, "Natural and Social System Metaphors for Distributed Problem Solving: Introduction to the Issue," IEEE Trans. Syst., Man & Cyber., January, 1981.

D. C. Brown and B. Chandrasekaran, "Design Considerations for Picture Production in a Natural Language Graphics System," Computer Graphics, Vol. 15, No. 2, July 1981, pp. 174-207.

B. Chandrasekaran, S. Mittal and J.W. Smith, Jr., "Reasoning with Uncertain Knowledge: The MDX Approach," Proc. Congress of American Medical Informatics Association, San Francisco, May 4, 1982.

S. Mittal and B. Chandrasekaran, "Software Design of Knowledge-Directed Database Systems," Foundations of Software Technology & Theoretical Computer Science, R.K. Shyamasundar and M. Joseph (Ed.), Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, India, December 1981.

B. Chandrasekaran and S. Mittal, "On Deep versus Compiled Knowledge Approaches to Medical Diagnosis," Proc. American Association for Artificial Intelligence Conference, Aug. 1982, pp. 349-354. (This paper was a finalist for the best paper award at the Conference.) Also appears in International Journal of Man-Machine Studies, Special Issue on Expert Systems, 19, 1983, pp. 425-436, and in Developments in Expert Systems, M. J. Coombs, editor, Academic Press, 1984, pp. 23-34.

B. Chandrasekaran, "On Evaluating AI Systems for Medical Diagnosis," Proc. MEDCOMP-82, IEEE Computer Society, 1982, pp. 335-338. (Invited paper.) Also appears in AI Magazine, Vol. 4, No. 2, 1983, pp. 34-37, and anthologized in Validating and Verifying Knowledge-Based Systems, Uma Gupta, IEEE Computer Society Press, 1991, pp. 260-265.

B. Chandrasekaran, "Towards a Taxonomy of Problem Solving Types," AI Magazine, Vol. 4, No. 1, Winter/Spring 1983, pp. 9-17.

T. Bylander, S. Mittal and B. Chandrasekaran, "CSRL: A Language for Expert Systems for Diagnosis," in Proc. of the International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Karlsruhe, Germany, August 1983, pp. 218-221. Expanded version appears in Computers and Mathematics with Applications, Special Issue on Practical Artificial Intelligence Systems, Vol. 11, no. 5, pp. 449-456, 1985.

D. C. Brown and B. Chandrasekaran, "An Approach to Expert Systems for Mechanical Design," Proc. of IEEE Trends & Applications Conf., Gaithersburg, Md., May 1983, pp. 173-180. Expanded version appears as "Expert Systems for a Class of Mechanical Design Activity," in Proc. of IFIP WG5.2 Working Conference of Knowledge Engineering in Computer Aided Design, Budapest, Hungary, September 1984, IEEE Computer Society. Journal version appears as "Knowledge and Control for a Mechanical Design Expert System," IEEE Computer, Special Issue, July 1986, pp. 92-100.

B. Chandrasekaran and S.Mittal, "Conceptual Representations of Medical Knowledge for Diagnosis by Computer," in Advances in Computers, Vol. 22, Academic Press, 1983, pp. 217-293.

B. Chandrasekaran, "Expert Systems: Matching Techniques to Tasks," in Artificial Intelligence in Business, W. Reitman, ed., Ablex Publishing, 1984, pp. 116-132.

J. Sticklen, B. Chandrasekaran, J. Smith and J. Svirbely, "MDX-MYCIN: The MDX Paradigm Applied To The MYCIN Domain," Computers And Mathematics with Applications, Vol. 11, no. 5, 1985, pp. 527-539. An earlier version, "The MDX Methodology Applied to the MYCIN Domain," appears in Proc. MEDCOMP '83.

S. Mittal, B. Chandrasekaran, and J. Sticklen, "Patrec: A knowledge-directed database for a diagnostic expert system," invited paper for the special issue on Artificial Intelligence for Man-Machine Interface, IEEE Computer, 17, 9, September 1984, pp. 51-59.

B. Chandrasekaran, "From Numbers to Symbols to Knowledge Structures: Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence Perspectives on the Classification Task," Pattern Recognition in Practice-II, E.S. Gelsema and L.N. Kanal, editors, North-Holland Publishing Company, pp. 547-559. Extended version appears as: B. Chandrasekaran and A. Goel, "From Numbers to Symbols to Knowledge Structures: Artificial Intelligence Perspectives on the Classification Task," IEEE Transactions, Systems, Man and Cybernetics, Vol. 18, No. 3, May/June 1988, pp. 415-424.

T. Bylander and B. Chandrasekaran, "Understanding Behavior Using Consolidation," Proc. of the 9th International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI-85), University of California, Los Angeles, California, Aug 18-24, 1985, pp. 450-454.

J. Sticklen, B. Chandrasekaran and J. Josephson, "Control Issues in Classificatory Diagnosis," Proc. of the 9th International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI-85), University of California, Los Angeles, California, August 18-24, 1985.

B. Chandrasekaran and M. Tanner, "Uncertainty Handling in Expert Systems: Uniform vs. Task-Specific Formalisms," Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence, L.N. Kanal and J. Lemmer, editors, North-Holland Publishing Company, 1986, pp. 35-46.

J.R. Josephson, B. Chandrasekaran, J.W. Smith Jr. and Michael C. Tanner, "Abduction by Classification and Assembly," East Lansing, MI: Philosophy of Science Association: PSA 1986, A. Fine and P. Machamer, ed., Volume 1, pp. 458-470.

R.W. Milne and B. Chandrasekaran, "Fault Diagnosis and Expert Systems," Proceedings of The 6th International Workshop on Expert Systems and Their Applications, Avignon, France, April 28-30, 1986, pp. 603-612.

B. Chandrasekaran, "Generic Tasks in Knowledge-Based Reasoning: High-Level Building Blocks for Expert System Design," IEEE Expert, 1986, pp. 23-30. Also appears in Validating and Verifying Knowledge-Based Systems, U. Gupta (ed.), IEEE Computer Society Press, 1991, pp. 357-364.

V. Sembugamoorthy and B. Chandrasekaran, "Functional Representation of Devices and Compilation of Diagnostic Problem-Solving Systems," Experience, Memory, and Reasoning, edited by J. Kolodner and C. Reisbeck, Lawrence Erlbaum Associate publishers, June 1986, pp. 47-73.

J.R. Josephson, B. Chandrasekaran, J.W. Smith and M.C. Tanner, "A Mechanism for Forming Composite Explanatory Hypotheses," IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics, Special Issue on Causal and Strategic Aspects of Diagnostic Reasoning, May/June 1987, pp. 445-454.

B. Chandrasekaran and A. Keuneke, "Classification Problem Solving: A Tutorial From An AI Perspective," Pattern Recognition: Theory & Applications, P. Devijver and J. Kittler, ed., Springer-Verlag Publishers, 1986, pp. 393-409.

B. Chandrasekaran, M. Tanner and J.R. Josephson, "Explanation: The Role of Control Strategies and Deep Models," Expert Systems: The User Interface, James Hendler, ed., Ablex Press, 1987, pp. 221-249.

J. Sticklen, B. Chandrasekaran and J.R. Josephson, "Modularity of Domain Knowledge," Expert Systems: Research and Applications, 1:1-15, 1987.

J.F. Dillard, K. Ramakrishna, and B. Chandrasekaran, "Knowledge-Based Decision Support Systems for Military Procurement," in Expert Systems for Business, (Barry G. Silverman, ed.), Addison-Wesley Publishing Co., 1987, pp. 120-139.

B. Chandrasekaran, "Towards a Functional Architecture for Intelligence Based on Generic Information Processing Tasks," Proc. of the International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Milan, Italy, August 1987, pp. 1183-1192.

B. Chandrasekaran, A. Goel and D. Allemang, "Connectionism and Information Processing Abstractions: the Message Still Counts More Than The Medium," AI Magazine, 9:4, pp. 24-34, Winter 1989. An abbreviated version with the same title appears in Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 11:1, 26-27, 1988.

B. Chandrasekaran, J. Hendler, B. Adelson, R. Alterman, T. Bylander and M. Dyer, "Theoretical Issues in Conceptual Information Processing," AI Magazine, Vol. 9, No. 4, Winter 1988, pp. 71-76.

B. Chandrasekaran, M.C. Tanner, and J. Josephson, "Explaining Control Strategies in Problem Solving," IEEE Expert, 4:1, pp. 9-24, Spring 1989.

B. Chandrasekaran, "Generic Tasks as Building Blocks for Knowledge-Based Systems: The Classification and Routine Design Examples," Structuring Expert Systems, Liebowitz and DeSalvo, eds., Prentice Hall, 1989, pp. 215-239.

B. Chandresekaran, J.W. Smith, Jr., and J. Sticklen, "Deep Models and Their Relation to Diagnosis," Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Vol. 1, No. 1, 1989, pp. 29-40.

N. Yamada, B. Chandrasekaran and R. Bhatnagar, "Knowledge-Based Operation Guidance System for Nuclear Power Plants Based on Generic Task Methodology," Nuclear Science and Technology (a publication of the Atomic Energy Society of Japan), Vol. 26, No. 7, pp. 655-669, July 1989.

B. Chandrasekaran and J. Sticklen, "Integrating Classification-based Compiled Level Reasoning with Function-Based Deep Level Reasoning, Applied Artificial Intelligence, 1989, Vol. 3, No. 2-3, pp. 275-304.

B. Chandrasekaran, Jon Sticklen and W.E. Bond, "Distributed Causal Reasoning," Knowledge Acquisition, 1989, Vol. 1, pp. 139-162.

B. Chandrasekaran, "Task-structures, Knowledge Acquisition and Learning," Machine Learning, Vol. 4, pp. 339-345, 1989.

D.A. Sylvan, A. Goel and B. Chandrasekaran, "Analyzing Political Decision-Making from an Information-Processing Perspective," American Journal of Political Science, 34(1), February 1990, pp. 74-123.

B. Chandrasekaran, "What Kind of Information Processing is Intelligence?", The Foundations of Artificial Intelligence: A Sourcebook, Derek Partridge and Yorick Wilks, editors, Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1990, pp. 14-46.

B. Chandrasekaran, "Design Problem Solving: A Task Analysis," AI Magazine, Vol. 11, No. 4, Winter 1990, pp. 59-71. Also appears (in Japanese), Nikkei Artificial Intelligence Quarterly, Summer 1991, pp. 142-154, and anthologized in Knowledge Aided Design, M. Green, ed., Academic Press, London, 1992, pp. 25-46.

B. Chandrasekaran and N. Narayanan, "Integrating Imagery and Visual Representations," Proceedings of the 12th Annual conference of Cognitive Science Society, Boston, MA, 1990, pp. 670-678.

B. Chandrasekaran and N. Narayanan, "Towards a Theory of Commonsense Visual Reasoning," Proceedings of the Tenth Foundations of Software Technology and Theoretical Computer Science Conference, Lecture Notes in Computer Science #472, K.V. Nori and C.E. Veni Madhavan (Eds), Berlin Springer-Verlag, December 1990, pp. 388-409.

A. Goel, T. Callantine, M. Shankar, and B. Chandrasekaran, "Representation and Organization of Topographic Models of Physical Spaces for Route Planning," Proceedings Seventh IEEE Conference on AI Applications, Miami, FL, Feb. 1991, pp. 308-314.

D. Sylvan, A. Goel, and B. Chandrasekaran, "Modeling Foreign Policy Decision Making as Knowledge-Based Reasoning," Artificial Intelligence and International Politics, Westview Press, Boulder, CO, Valerie Hudson, ed., 1991, pp. 245-273.

B. Chandrasekaran, "Models Versus Rules, Deep Versus Compiled, Content Versus Form," IEEE Expert, 6-2, April 1991, pp. 75-79.

B. Chandrasekaran, "Mechanistic and Rationalistic Explanations are Complementary," Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 14:3, 1991, pp. 489-491.

B. Chandrasekaran and W. Swartout, "Explanations in Knowledge Systems: The Role of Explicit Representation of Design Knowledge," IEEE Expert, Vol. 6, No. 3, June 1991, pp. 47-49.

B. Chandrasekaran, R. Bhatnagar and D. D. Sharma, "Real-Time Distrubance Control," Communication of the ACM, August 1991, Vol. 34, No. 8, pp. 33-47.

N. H. Narayanan and B. Chandrasekaran, "Reasoning Visually About Spatial Interactions," Proceedings of the 12th International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Sydney, Australia, August 1991, pp. 360-365.

Ashok Goel and B. Chandrasekaran, "Case-Based Design: A Task Analysis," Artificial Intelligence in Engineering Design, Vol. II, eds., C. Tong and D. Sriram, Academic Press, Inc., 1992, pp. 165-183.

D. Brown and B. Chandrasekaran, "Investigating Routine Design Problem Solving," Artificial Intelligence in Engineering Design, Vol. I, eds., C. Tong and D. Sriram, Academic Press, Inc., 1992, pp. 221-250.

Yumi Iwasaki and B. Chandrasekaran, "Design Verification Through Function and Behavior-Oriented Representations: Bridging the Gap Between Function and Behavior," Artificial Intelligence in Design '92, ed., John S. Gero, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1992, pp. 597-616.

B. Chandrasekaran, ìQP is More Than SPQR and Dynamical Systems Theory: Response to Sacks and Doyle,î Computional Intelligence, Vol. 8, No. 2, 1992, pp. 216-222.

B. Chandrasekaran, T. Johnson, and J.W. Smith, "Task Structure Analysis for Knowledge Modeling," Communications of the ACM, Vol. 33, No. 9, Septmeber 1992, pp. 124-136; anthologized in Knowledge Oriented Software Design, ed., J. Cuena, North-Holland (Amsterdam), 1993, pp. 1-22.

T.R. Johnson, J.W. Smith, and B. Chandrasekaran, "Task-Specific Architectures for Flexible Systems," The Soar Papers: Research on Integrated Intelligence, eds., P. S. Rosenbloom, J. E. Laird, and A. Newell, MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1993, pp. 1004-1026.

Y. Iwasaki, R. Fikes, M. Vescovi, B. Chandrasekaran, "How Things are Intended to Work: Capturing Functional Knowledge in Device Design.", Proceedings of the Thirteenth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, (IJCAI-93), Chambery, France, ed., Ruzena Bajcsy, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, Inc., San Mateo, California, Vol. 2, 1993, pp. 1516-1522.

B. Chandrasekaran and T.R. Johnson, "Generic Tasks And Task Structures: History, Critique and New Directions," Second Generation Expert Systems, eds., J.M. David, J.P. Krivine, and R. Simmons, Springer-Verlag, 1993, pp. 239-280.

M. C. Tanner, A. M. Keuneke, and B. Chandrasekaran, "Explanation Using Task Structure and Domain Functional Models," Second Generation Expert Systems, eds., J. M. David, J. P. Krivine, and R. Simmons, Springer-Verlag, 1993, pp. 599-626.

W. Punch and B. Chandrasekaran, "An Investigation of the Roles of Problem-Solving Methods in Diagnosis," Second Generation Expert Systems, eds., J. M. David, J. P. Krivine, and R. Simmons, Springer-Verlag, 1993, pp. 687-702.

B. Chandrasekaran is a contributor to the book, The Knowledge Level in Expert Systems: Conversations and Commentary, eds., L. Steels and J. McDermott, Academic Press, 1993. The book is an edited transcript of discussions on the foundations of AI and knowledge-based systems among 12 researchers over three days.

B. Chandrasekaran, A. Goel, and Y. Iwasaki, "Functional Representation as Design Rationale," IEEE Computer, Special Issue on Concurrent Engineering, January 1993, pp. 48-56.

B Chandrasekaran and S.G. Josephson, "Architecture of Intelligence: The Problem and Current Approaches to Solutions," Current Science, Vol. 64, No. 6, March 1993, pp. 366 - 380. A revised version also appears in Artificial Intelligence and Neural Networks: Steps Toward Principled Integration, V. Honavar and L. Uhr, editors, Academic Press, pp. 21-50, 1994.

J.R. Josephson, B. Chandrasekaran, and D. Moberg, "Synthetic Purposive Agents: Generic Tasks and Abstract Data Types," Proceedings of the Third Conference on Computer Generated Forces and Behavioral Representations, Orlando, Florida, March 1993, pp. 429-435.

M. Vescovi, Y. Iwasaki, R. Fikes, and B. Chandrasekaran, "CFRL: A Language for Specifying the Causal Functionality of Engineered Devices," Proceedings of the Eleventh National Conference on AI (AAAI-93), AAAI Press/MIT Press, July 1993, pp. 626-633.

S. Thadani and B. Chandrasekaran,"Structure-to-Function reasoning," Proceedings of the AAAI Workshop on Reasoning About Function, Washington D.C., July 1993, pp. 164-171.

B. Chandrasekaran, "Functional Representation and Causal Processes," Advances in Computers, Vol. 38, Academic Press, 1994, pp. 73-143.

B. Chandrasekaran, "Functional representations: A brief historical perspective," Applied Artificial Intelligence, special issue on functional reasoning, 8:173-197, 1994.

Other Papers (These papers do not report on candidate's research, but deal with technical issues related to AI.)

B. Chandrasekaran and J. W. Smith, "Tenth Annual Workshop on Artificial Intelligence in Medicine: An Overview," The AI Magazine, Summer 1985, pp. 84-90.

B. Chandrasekaran and T. Bylander, "AI Research at The Ohio State University," The AI Magazine, Summer 1985, pp. 74-79.

B. Chandrasekaran, "AAAI-90," IEEE Expert, October 1990, pp. 10-12.

B. Chandrasekaran, "Interview with Allen Newell," IEEE Expert, June 1993, pp. 3 - 12.

B. Chandrasekaran, N. H. Narayanan, and Y. Iwasaki, "Reasoning With Diagrammatic Representations," AI Magazine, Vol. 14, No. 2, Summer 1993, pp. 49-56.

BOOK

D. C. Brown, B. Chandrasekaran, Design Problem Solving: Knowledge Structures and Control Strategies, London: Pitman, and San Mateo, CA: Morgan Kaufman, 1989.

BOOKS, JOURNALS EDITED

Computer Program Testing, B. Chandrasekaran and S. Radicchi, edkitors, North Holland, 1981.

Guest Editor, IEEE Trans. Software Engineering. Special Issue on Computer Program Testing, May 1980.

Guest Editor, IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man & Cybernetics, Special Issue on Distributed Problem Solving, January 1981.

Editor, Special Issue of ACM SIGART Newsletter on Structure, Function and Behavior, July 1985.

Associate Editor for AI, IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man & Cybernetics, 1973-1990; Associate Editor for Artificial Intelligence in Engineering, 1986-current; Associate Editor for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, 1990-current.; International Journal of Pattern Recognition & Artificial Intelligence, 1990 - 1993. IEEE Expert, 1986-90. Editorial and Advisory Boards, AI in Society, The Journal of Human & Machine Intelligence, Springer-Verlag Press, 1987 -1990

Editor-in-Chief, IEEE Expert, 1990 -1994.

Diagrammatic Reasoning: Cognitive and Computational Perspectives, J. Glasgow, N. H. Narayanan and B. Chandrasekaran, editors, AAAI Press/ The MIT Press, 1995.